Question: 1 (ID:520)

ID: 520

Which of the following are examples of the new engine executor models available in PHP 5?

A) Switch B) Goto C) Conditional D) Call

Question: 2 (ID:789)

ID: 789

Give the following expression: "$$foo['bar']". Which of the statements below are true?

A) Give that "$foo" is an array , such expressions are possible only in PHP 7 B) In PHP 5, it will be evaluated as ${$foo['bar']} C) In is evaluated as {$$foo}['bar'] in both PHP 5 and PHP 7 D) In PHP 7, it will be evaluated as {$$foo}['bar']

Question: 3 (ID:63)

ID: 63

You run the following PHP script:

                        $a = "b";
$b = 20;
echo $$a;



                    


                    
                        What will be the output?


                


                A)  b                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Script will show an error.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  20                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  0


            

        
            
                Question: 4 (ID:696)
                ID: 696

                


                

                    
                        When working with unfamiliar code, what is the best way to find out in which file a class is defined ?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
# Using the get_declared_classes() function:
$classes = get_declared_classes();
var_dump($classes);
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  all
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
# Using ReflectionClass:
$reflection = new ReflectionClass('ClassName');
echo $reflection->getFileName();
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
# Using the grep command to search through the application files:
$out = array();
exec("grep -r 'Classname' .", $out);
var_dump($out);
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 5 (ID:563)
                ID: 563

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following code block?                    

                    


                    

                                                $a = "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.";
$b = array_map("strtoupper", explode(" ", $a));

foreach ($b as $value) {
    print "$value ";
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  A PHP Error                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Array Array Array Array Array Array Array Array Array                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  THEQUICKBROWNFOXJUMPEDOVERTHELAZYDOG.                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 6 (ID:326)
                ID: 326

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following PHP script?                    

                    


                    

                                                function getName($lastName) {
    if ($lastName) {
        return 'Bloggs';
    } else {
        return 'Jeremiah';
   }
}

$func = 'getName';
echo $func(true);                    


                    


                    


                    
                        Enter the exact script output                    


                

                


                A)  Jeremiah                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  null                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  BloggsJeremiah                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Bloggs                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 7 (ID:61)
                ID: 61

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following functions allows you to stack several error handlers on top of each other?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
set_error_handler()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
error_handler()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
errorHandler()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
setError()
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 8 (ID:350)
                ID: 350

                


                

                    
                        The following script is supposed to determine the largest value in an array, however, it may not work correctly. Examine the script and recommend changes if required.                    

                    


                    

                                                $ages = array(16, 10, 46, 25, 41);
$largest = -1;
foreach ($ages as $age) {
    if ($largest < 0) {
        $largest = $age;
        break;
    }

    if ($age > $largest) {
        $largest = $age;
    }
}

echo sprintf('The largest age is %d', $largest);                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  The comparison between $age and $largest is backwards                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Change "break" to "continue"                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Change the sprintf() call to output $age                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  No changes required                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 9 (ID:450)
                ID: 450

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of:                    

                    


                    

                                                $a = "0";
echo strlen($a);
echo empty($a) ? $a : 5;
echo $a ?: 5;                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  050                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  005                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  100                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  105                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 10 (ID:232)
                ID: 232

                


                

                    
                        Consider the following code snippet:                    

                    


                    

                                                $hello = 'world';
$world = 'hello';
echo $$$hello;                    


                    


                    


                    
                        What will be the output?                    


                

                


                A)  helloworld                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  world                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  an empty string                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  hello                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 11 (ID:74)
                ID: 74

                


                

                    
                        Consider the following code:                    

                    


                    

                                                $array = array("a1"=>'x', "a2"=>'e', "a3"=>'z');
asort($array);
foreach ($array as $keys => $values) {
    print "$keys = $values";
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                        What will be the output?                    


                

                


                A)  a2 = e a1 = x a3 = z                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  The script will throw an error message.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  0 = e 1 =x 2 = z                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  a1 = e a2 = x a3 = z                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 12 (ID:163)
                ID: 163

                


                

                    
                        Consider a scenario in which a website allows users to upload pictures. What kind of security should be set to prevent attacks?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  Disallow execution of any file.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Ensure validation for file extension.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Allow upload of all files.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Limit the size to upload files.                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 13 (ID:56)
                ID: 56

                


                

                    
                        You run the following PHP script:                    

                    


                    

                                                $a = 20 % -8;
echo $a;                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  -2                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  -4                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Script will show an error message.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  4                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 14 (ID:100)
                ID: 100

                


                

                    
                        Consider the following script:                    

                    


                    

                                                $a = array('a', 'b'); 
array_push($a, array(1, 2)); 
print_r($a);                    


                    


                    


                    
                        What will be the output?                    


                

                


                A) 
array('a', 'b', 1, 2)
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
array('a', 'b', array(1, 2))
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
array(1, 2, 'a', 'b')
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
array(array(1, 2), 'a', 'b')
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 15 (ID:367)
                ID: 367

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following PHP script?                    

                    


                    

                                                $arr1 = ['a' => 'Apple',  'b' => 'Banana'];
$arr2 = ['b' => 'Banana', 'a' => 'Australia',  'Apple'];
$arr3 = array_diff($arr1, $arr2);
$arr4 = array_diff($arr2, $arr1);
$keys = array_keys($arr4);

echo count($arr3) . ' - ' . $keys[0];                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  0 - 0                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  0 - a                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  2 - a                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  1 - b                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 16 (ID:589)
                ID: 589

                


                

                    
                        What combination of boolean values for $a, $b, $c, and $d will result in the variable $number being equal to 3?                    

                    


                    

                                                $a = null;
$b = null;
$c = null;
$d = null;

if($a && !$b) {
    if(!!$c && !$d) {
        if($d && ($a || $c)) {
            if(!$d && $b) {
                $number = 1;
            } else {
                $number = 2;
            }
        } else {
            $number = 3;
        }
    } else {
        $number = 4;
    }
} else {
    $number = 5;
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  false, true, true, false                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  false, true, true, true                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  true, false, true, false                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  true, true, false, false                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 17 (ID:420)
                ID: 420

                


                

                    
                        One way to compare strings in PHP is by using the strcmp() function. This is useful since not only can you determine if two strings are equal, but you can also test if one string is 'greater than' the other (using the corresponding ASCII values in each character comparison). What is the output of the following PHP script?                    

                    


                    

                                                $test1 = strcmp('hello', "hello");
$test2 = strcmp("Hello", "hello");
$test3 = strcmp('60', '500');

if ($test1 == 0)     { echo "a"; }
else if ($test1 < 0) { echo "b"; }
else                 { echo "c"; }

if ($test2 == 0)     { echo "d"; }
else if ($test2 < 0) { echo "e"; }
else                 { echo "f"; }

if ($test3 == 0)     { echo "g"; }
else if ($test3 < 0) { echo "h"; }
else                 { echo "i"; }                    


                    


                    


                    
                        Enter the exact script output                    


                

                


                A)  iuo                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  a                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  aei                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  bei                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 18 (ID:515)
                ID: 515

                


                

                    
                        What would you replace at line 2 // ??? with, below, to make the string 'Hello, World!' be displayed?                    

                    


                    

                                                function myfunction() {
    // ???
    print $string;
}
myfunction("Hello, World!");                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  $string = get_function_args()                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  $string = $argv[1];                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  $string = func_get_arg(0);                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  list($string) = func_get_args();                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 19 (ID:783)
                ID: 783

                


                

                    
                        What is the result of the following code?                    

                    


                    

                                                class MyCollection {
    private $coll = [];    
    public function add(?int $x): void {
        $this->coll[] = $x ?? 0;
    }   
    public function getElements(): iterable {
        return $this->coll;
    }
}

$collection = new MyCollection();
$collection->add(null);
$collection->add(1);
$collection->add(0);
print_r($collection->getElements());                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  A parse error because the "??" operator can be applied only to strings;                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Array([0] => 0, [1] => 1, [2] => 0);                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  A parse error because the "?int" type does not exist;                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  A runtime error because the "coll" field is not "iterable"; "array" should be used instead;                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 20 (ID:106)
                ID: 106

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following operators will you use to check whether two variables contain the same instance of an object or not?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  =                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  ===                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  .                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  ==                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 21 (ID:11)
                ID: 11

                


                

                    
                        What does the following function do, when passed two integer values for $p and $q?                    

                    


                    

                                                function magic($p, $q) {  
     return ($q == 0) ? $p : magic($q, $p % $q);
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  Determines if they are both even or odd.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Loops infinitely.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Determines the greatest common divisor between them.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Switches the values of $p and $q.                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 22 (ID:265)
                ID: 265

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following HTML code snippets can be used for the file uploading?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
<form enctype="text/plain" action="index.php" method="post">
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
<form enctype="plain" action="index.php" method="post">
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
<form enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" action="index.php" method="post">
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
<form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="index.php" method="post">
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 23 (ID:243)
                ID: 243

                


                

                    
                        You have been given the following code snippet:                    

                    


                    

                                                $stmt = $dbh->prepare("SELECT * FROM USER where name = ?");
if ($stmt->execute(array($_GET['name']))) {
  while (??????) {
    print_r($row);
  }
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                        What will you write at line number 4 to fetch data from database?                    


                

                


                A) 
$row = $stmt->fetch()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
$row = $stmt->getch()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
$row = $stmt->fetchall()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
$row = $stmt->get()
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 24 (ID:33)
                ID: 33

                


                

                    
                        You run the following PHP script:                    

                    


                    

                                                <?php echo 0x33, ' birds sit on ', 022, ' trees.';                    


                    


                    


                    
                        What will be the output?                    


                

                


                A)  51 birds sit on 18 trees.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  51 birds sit on trees.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  51 birds sit on 22 trees.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  51 birds sit on 0 trees.                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 25 (ID:374)
                ID: 374

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following PHP code?                    

                    


                    

                                                $myArray = [0, NULL, '', '0', -1];
echo count(array_filter($myArray));                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  1                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  5                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  3                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  4                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 26 (ID:491)
                ID: 491

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following code?                    

                    


                    

                                                $s = "This sentence contains many words";
$r = explode(' ', ucfirst($s));
sort($r);
echo implode(',', $r);                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  This,contains,many,sentence,words                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  This,Sentence,Contains,Many,Words                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  This contains many sentence words                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  This Sentence Contains Many Words                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 27 (ID:148)
                ID: 148

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following PHP functions will you use as a countermeasure against a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
escapeshellcmd()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
htmlentities()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
mysql_escape_string()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
escapeshellarg()
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 28 (ID:385)
                ID: 385

                


                

                    
                        Consider the following PHP script, used to apply a callback function to every element of an array.                    

                    


                    

                                                function square($val) {
    return pow($val, 2);
}
$arr = [1, 2, 3, 4];
/** line **/
$i = 0;
foreach ($squares as $value) {
    if ($i++ > 0) {
        echo ".";
    }
    echo $value;
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                        What line of code should be substituted with / line / to achieve an output of 1.4.9.16?                    


                

                


                A) 
$squares = call_user_func_array($arr, 'square');
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
$squares = call_user_func_array('square', $arr);
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
$squares = array_map('square', $arr);
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
$squares = array_walk($arr, 'square');
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 29 (ID:545)
                ID: 545

                


                

                    
                        How do you declare a function to accept a variable (unknown) number of arguments in PHP 7?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
function foo(...$parms) {}
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
function foo(<multi> $parms) {}
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
function foo($parms <multi>) {}
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
function foo(@multi $parms) {}
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 30 (ID:765)
                ID: 765

                


                

                    
                        Of the following statements about typehints, which is NOT true?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  typehinted parameters can default to NULL                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  a typehint class does not have to be defined whene a function definition is parsed                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  object should be of the same class to satisfy typehinting                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  typehints cannot be PHP scalar types                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 31 (ID:175)
                ID: 175

                


                

                    
                        What is the default timeout of a session cookie?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  Until the browser is closed.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  30 min                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  10 min                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  45 min                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 32 (ID:689)
                ID: 689

                


                

                    
                        Considering the code below, which of these statements are true?                    

                    


                    

                                                ini_set("allow_url_fopen", "1");
$page = file_get_contents("http://www.codepunker.com");
if ($page!=FALSE) {
    echo "Successfully fetched website contents";
} else {
    echo "An error has occurred";
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  The correct setting for loading web pages from a script is "allow_url_include"                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  The if statement should be "if($page!==FALSE)" because "file_get_contents" can return non boolean values which evaluate to false                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  an error                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  The "allow_url_fopen" option can not be changed through ini_set. It can only be set in php.ini for security reasons                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 33 (ID:653)
                ID: 653

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following code?                    

                    


                    

                                                function byReference(&$variable = 0){
    echo ++$variable;
}    
byReference();
byReference();                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  an error                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  11                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  01                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  12                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 34 (ID:701)
                ID: 701

                


                

                    
                        Assuming that the code below is in a file named "test.php" and that PHP has full rights over the file, what happens if the file is executed from the command line without any arguments ?                    

                    


                    

                                                exec("rm -f " . dirname(__FILE__) . "/" .  $argv[0]);                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  The file test.php is deleted                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  The script exits without doing anything                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  A notice is thrown because $argv[0] is not defined and the script fails.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  an error                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 35 (ID:288)
                ID: 288

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following is an associative array of items uploaded by the current PHP script via the HTTP POST method?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
$_COOKIE
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
$_FILES
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
$_REQUEST
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
$_ENV
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 36 (ID:570)
                ID: 570

                


                

                    
                        In PHP 5 you can use the __ operator to ensure that an object is of a particular type. You can also use ___ in the function declaration.                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  instanceof, type-hinting                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  type, instanceof                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  ===, type-hinting                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  instanceof, is_a                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 37 (ID:806)
                ID: 806

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following types can be used as an array key? (Select three.)                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  Array                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Floating-point                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Boolean                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Integer                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 38 (ID:305)
                ID: 305

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following can be used to release the lock applied by the flock() function where fp is a file pointer? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. (Choose two)                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
flock($fp, LOCK_EX);
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
flock($fp, LOCK_UN);
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
flock($fp, LOCK_SH);
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
fclose($fp);
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 39 (ID:553)
                ID: 553

                


                

                    
                        Which functions would be needed to translate the following string:                    

                    


                    

                                                I love PHP 5
                    


                    


                    


                    
                        to the following?                    


                

                


                A)  strtoupper()                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  mirror()                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  toupper()                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  strrev()                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 40 (ID:329)
                ID: 329

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following PHP script?                    

                    


                    

                                                $name = 'Joe';
$$name = 'Bloggs';
echo ${$name};                    


                    


                    


                    
                        Enter the exact script output                    


                

                


                A)  null                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  BloggsJoe                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Bloggs                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Joe                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 41 (ID:759)
                ID: 759

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following code?                    

                    


                    

                                                interface myBaseClass1 {
    public function doSomething();
    public function specialFunction1();
}
interface myBaseClass2 {
    public function doSomething();
    public function specialFunction2();
}
class myClassA implements myBaseClass1, myBaseClass2 {
    function doSomething() {
        echo '...';
    }
    public function specialFunction1(){
        echo '...';
    }
    public function specialFunction2(){
        echo '...';
    }
}
$a = new myClassA();
$a->doSomething();                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  Fatal error                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  ...                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  None of the above                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Parse error                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 42 (ID:619)
                ID: 619

                


                

                    
                        The MVC pattern in Web development involves which of the following components?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  Model                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Validation                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  View                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Controller                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 43 (ID:246)
                ID: 246

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following statements describes the use of a GROUP BY clause?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  A GROUP BY clause returns a single row of information for each group of rows, in addition to all the rows.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  A GROUP BY clause automatically sorts the grouped result in descending order.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  A GROUP BY clause automatically sorts the grouped result in ascending order, if the DESC keyword is not defined.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  A GROUP BY clause returns a single row of information for each group of rows.                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 44 (ID:538)
                ID: 538

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following?                    

                    


                    

                                                $a = 20;    
function myfunction($b) {
        global $a, $c;
        $a = 30;
        return $c = ($b + $a);
}
// 140 = (40 + 30) + 70
print myfunction(40) + $c;                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  140                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  20                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  70                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  null                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 45 (ID:194)
                ID: 194

                


                

                    
                        Which function is used to set up start and end element handlers?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
xml_get_current_column_number()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
xml_get_current_line_number()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
xml_parser_create()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
xml_set_element_handler()
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 46 (ID:623)
                ID: 623

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following code?                    

                    


                    

                                                class MyException extends Exception {}
class AnotherException extends MyException {}

class Foo {
    public function something() {
        throw new AnotherException();
    }
    public function somethingElse() {
        throw new MyException();
    }
}

$a = new Foo();

try {
    try {
        $a->something();
    } catch(AnotherException $e) {
        $a->somethingElse();
    } catch(MyException $e) {
        print "Caught Exception";
    }
} catch(Exception $e) {
    print "Didn't catch the Exception!";
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  "Didn't catch the Exception!" followed by a fatal error                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  A fatal error for an uncaught exception                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  "Caught Exception" followed by "Didn't catch the Exception!"                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  "Didn't catch the Exception!"                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 47 (ID:773)
                ID: 773

                


                

                    
                        What is the result of the following code?                    

                    


                    

                                                <?= (function(){ return [$x, $x + 1, $x + 2];})(4)[2];                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  A parse error;                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  The "2" value together with PHP noticw saying that it does not recognize the $x variable;                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  A PHP warning saying that you need to store the result in a variable before displayng it;                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  6                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 48 (ID:356)
                ID: 356

                


                

                    
                        Is the following code valid, or will it cause a syntax error? Note the missing semi-colon at the end of the statement.                    

                    


                    

                                                <?= "Hello" ?>                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  valid and will return null                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  valid and will return an empty string                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Invalid, will cause a syntax error                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Valid, this will output Hello                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 49 (ID:486)
                ID: 486

                


                

                    
                        What does the following code output?                    

                    


                    

                                                $i = function($j) {
   $i = $j + 4;
   return $i++;
};
$j = 6;
echo $i($j);                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  10                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  nothing                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  11                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  syntax error                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 50 (ID:565)
                ID: 565

                


                

                    
                        What should go in the ??????? assignment below to create a Zlib-compressed file foo.gz with a compression level of 9 ?                    

                    


                    

                                                $file = '????????';
$fr = fopen($file, 'wb9');
fwrite($fr, $data);
fclose($fr);                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  compress.zip://foo.gz?level=9                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  compress.zlib://foo.gz                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  gzip://foo.gz?level=9                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  compress.gzip://foo.gz?level=9                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 51 (ID:108)
                ID: 108

                


                

                    
                        You passed an associative array to the sort() function. What will happen?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  The key of the array will be sorted and the elements will not be sorted, however, they will be preserved.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  The keys will be sorted, however, elements will not be preserved.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  The elements of the array will be sorted and keys will not be preserved.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  The elements of the array will be sorted and the keys will not be sorted, however, they will be preserved.                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 52 (ID:170)
                ID: 170

                


                

                    
                        Which function is used to get a specific external variable by name and optionally filter it?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
filter_input()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
filter()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
filter_output()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
filter_name()
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 53 (ID:464)
                ID: 464

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following is a valid namespace operator in PHP?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  @                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  \                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  /                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  ::                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 54 (ID:709)
                ID: 709

                


                

                    
                        How does Opcode Cache improve performance in PHP 5.5+ ?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  Opcode Cache stores database query results thus eliminating the need of executing those queries again                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Opcode Cache stores objects in memory so that they can be accessed directly by other processes.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Opcode does`not exist in php                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Opcache stores precompiled script bytecode in memory, thus removing the need to load and parse scripts on each request.                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 55 (ID:532)
                ID: 532

                


                

                    
                        When an object is serialized, which method will be called, automatically, providing your object with an opportunity to close any resources or otherwise prepare to be serialized?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  __sleep()                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  __destruct()                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  __destroy()                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  __serialize()                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 56 (ID:720)
                ID: 720

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the code below ?                    

                    


                    

                                                $a = array(0 => "MySQL", 2=>"PHP", 3=>"JAVA", 4 => "JavaScript");
$a = array_values($a);
echo $a[1];                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  MySQL                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  1                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Notice undefined offset 1 ...                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  PHP                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 57 (ID:606)
                ID: 606

                


                

                    
                        How do you define an array in PHP7?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
$a = (1, 2, 3);
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
$a = [1, 2, 3];
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  all answers
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
$a = array(1, 2, 3);
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 58 (ID:533)
                ID: 533

                


                

                    
                        Consider the following script:                    

                    


                    

                                                $dom = new DOMDOcument();
$dom->load('0138.xml');

foreach($dom->documentElement->childNodes as $child) {
    if(($child->nodeType == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) && $child->nodeName == "item") {
        foreach($child->childNodes as $item) {
            if(($item->nodeType == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) && ($item->nodeName == "title")) {
                print "{$item->firstChild->data}\n";
            }
        }
    }
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                        Assuming the referenced XML document exists and matches the parsing logic, what should be displayed when this script is executed?                    


                

                


                A)  The XML of each 'title' node                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  The contents of every 'title' node which exists under an 'item' node                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  None of the above                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  The XML of each 'item' node                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 59 (ID:426)
                ID: 426

                


                

                    
                        The sscanf() function is to some extent the opposite of sprintf(), in that it extracts values from a string based on a formatting string. What is the output of the following PHP script?                    

                    


                    

                                                $str = 'I am 30';
$vals = sscanf($str, '%s %d');
echo trim($vals[0] . ' ' . $vals[1]);                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  '' ( an empty string)                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  I                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  30                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  null                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 60 (ID:713)
                ID: 713

                


                

                    
                        What is the result of the code below?                    

                    


                    

                                                echo ("0.00") ? "mary" : "angie";                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  maryangie                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  angie                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  mary                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Syntax Error                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 61 (ID:131)
                ID: 131

                


                

                    
                        Maria creates an application using PHP script. The application contains certain classes. The class design requires that a particular member variable must be directly accessible to any subclass of this class only. What should Maria do to achieve this?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  Mark the variable as private.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Mark the variable as protected.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Mark the variable as public.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Mark the variable as final.                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 62 (ID:693)
                ID: 693

                


                

                    
                        What is the default value for the "max_execution_time" setting when running PHP as a CLI SAPI ?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  -1                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  There is no "max_execution_time" setting if running PHP as a CLI SAPI                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Whatever is set as the value for "max_execution_time" in php.ini                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  0 (Zero) which stands for infinite                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 63 (ID:162)
                ID: 162

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following functions can be used as a countermeasure to a Shell Injection attack? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
mysqli_real_escape_string()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
escapeshellarg()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
regenerateid()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
escapeshellcmd()
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 64 (ID:50)
                ID: 50

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following is a magic constant?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
$_SERVER
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
$_POST
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
__LINE__
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
$_GET
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 65 (ID:343)
                ID: 343

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following PHP script?                    

                    


                    

                                                $myArray = array('a', 'b', 'c');
foreach ($myArray as $k => $v) {
    echo $v;
    for ($i = 1; $i < 5; $i++) {
        if ($i == $k) {
            break(2);
        }
        echo $i;
    }
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                        Enter the exact script output                    


                

                


                A)  a1234b                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  abc                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  1234                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  34b                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 66 (ID:519)
                ID: 519

                


                

                    
                        When opening a file in writing mode using the FTP handler, what must be done so that the file will still be written to the server in the event it previously exists?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  Open the file using the 'w+' mode                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Provide a context for fopen() using stream_context_create()                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  You must delete the file first before uploading a new file                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Configure this behavior in the php.ini file using the ftp.overwrite directive                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 67 (ID:116)
                ID: 116

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following variables are NOT supported by type hinting (PHP < 7)? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose two.                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  String                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  Array                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Object                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  Integer                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 68 (ID:4)
                ID: 4

                


                

                    
                        What will be the output when you try to run the script below?                    

                    


                    

                                                $b = false;
if ($b = true) {
  print("true");
} else {
  print("false");
}                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  false                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  The script will throw an error message.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  true                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  true false                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 69 (ID:171)
                ID: 171

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following functions wraps a string to a given number of characters?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  trim                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  ucwords                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  ucfirst                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  wordwrap                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 70 (ID:196)
                ID: 196

                


                

                    
                        All of the following are the pre-defined entities except for which one?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  <                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  &                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  ;                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  >                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 71 (ID:37)
                ID: 37

                


                

                    
                        What is the output of the following code snippet?                    

                    


                    

                                                $a = 20;
function myfunction($b) {
    $a = 30;
    global $a, $c;
    return $c = ($b + $a);
}
print myfunction(40) + $c;                    


                    


                    


                    
                                            


                

                


                A)  Syntax Error                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  70                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  60                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  120                    
                    
                    
                                    


            

            

        
            
                Question: 72 (ID:368)
                ID: 368

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of PHP's extract() function? This function accepts an array as its first argument.                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  A variable is created in the current scope for each element in the given associative array.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  The passed array is populated by any variables in the current scope.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  Any ZIP files referenced in the passed array are extracted to the current working directory.                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  The second argument is used to specify a data type (such as 'string'). All values in the passed array of that type are returned in a new array.                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 73 (ID:211)
                ID: 211

                


                

                    
                        Which of the following function is used to parse XML data into an array structure?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
xml_set_processing_instruction_handler()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
xml_set_object()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
xml_set_external_entity_ref_handler()
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
xml_parse_into_struct()
                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 74 (ID:372)
                ID: 372

                


                

                    
                        What is the primary difference between array_key_exists() and isset() when checking to see if a given array element exists?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A)  array_key_exists() is faster                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B)  isset() will trigger a PHP warning if the element doesn't exist                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C)  isset() will create an empty value in the array if it doesn't exist                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D)  isset() will return false if the key exists but has a null value                    
                    
                    
                                    


            
            

        
            
                Question: 75 (ID:358)
                ID: 358

                


                

                    
                        What expression would you pass to error_reporting() if you want all errors and warnings (including "strict" warnings), but not notices (E_NOTICE)?                    

                    


                    

                                                                    

                    

                    


                    
                                            


                
                


                A) 
E_ALL & !E_NOTICE
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                B) 
E_ALL - E_NOTICE
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                C) 
(E_ALL | E_STRICT) & ~E_NOTICE
                    
                    
                    
                                    

                D) 
E_ERROR | E_WARNING | E_STRICT